- Out-of-Court Settlement: If a deceased family member had no nominee on their bank account, an Indemnity Bond with two sureties allows legal heirs to claim funds without spending months and thousands of rupees on a civil court Succession Certificate.
- Statutory Foundation: Under Section 124 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, claimants legally undertake to compensate the bank for any loss if another heir later files a claim. Section 128 makes sureties jointly liable.
- State Stamp Duty Compliance: The bond must be executed on non-judicial stamp paper (e.g. ₹500 in Maharashtra and Rajasthan, ₹100 in Delhi and UP, ₹200 in Karnataka) and attested before a Notary Public.
- RBI 15-Day SLA: Commercial banks are legally mandated under RBI guidelines to settle complete deceased claims within 15 calendar days of receiving the stamped bond and supporting heir documents.

1. Statutory Rules: Indian Contract Act & RBI Directives
When an account holder dies without registering a nominee, their bank account is frozen. Banks face a dilemma: paying money to one family member could expose the branch to lawsuits if another legal heir surfaces later. To resolve this without forcing families into prolonged probate litigation, Indian banking law relies on Section 124 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.
Section 124 defines a contract of indemnity as an agreement where one party promises to save another from loss caused by the promisor or any other person. When you sign an Indemnity Bond for a deceased account claim, you make an enforceable promise to reimburse the bank for any damages or legal expenses if another heir challenges the payout.
Under RBI Master Circular DBOD.No.Leg.BC.21/09.07.006/2014-15, banks must establish simplified operational procedures. The Reserve Bank directs commercial lenders not to insist on probate or succession certificates for claims up to internal board thresholds. Instead, banks accept an Indemnity Bond with two independent solvent sureties to ensure fast financial relief for surviving families.
2. Claim Pathways: Nominee vs Indemnity Bond vs Probate
Review how different deceased claim procedures compare in terms of court intervention, costs, timelines, and legal risks.
| Feature | 1. Valid Nomination Registered | 2. No Nominee: Indemnity Bond | 3. Succession Certificate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Governing Statute | Banking Regulation Act s. 45ZA | Indian Contract Act s. 124 & RBI Rules | Indian Succession Act s. 372 |
| Court Injunction / Order | Not Required | Not Required (Out of Court) | Mandatory Civil Court Petition |
| Indemnity Bond & Sureties | Strictly Prohibited by RBI | Mandatory Bond + 2 Sureties | Optional / Court Security Bond |
| Processing Time | 7 to 15 Days | 10 to 15 Days after submission | 6 to 18 Months |
| Associated Legal Costs | Zero (Only KYC xerox) | ₹500 to ₹1,500 (Stamp & Notary) | 2% to 4% Court Fees + Advocate Fees |
| Applicable Account Value | Unlimited balance | Up to Bank Board Limit (₹5L typical) | Any amount (High balances) |
3. Interactive Indemnity Bond Format & Clause Selector
Select your required template below. You can use standard bracketed placeholders or toggle the live customizer to enter your deceased family member's details for a ready-to-print draft.
4. Format 1: Bank Deceased Account Claim Indemnity Bond
This comprehensive format includes the Section 124 indemnity covenant, Section 128 joint and several surety guarantee, court cost reimbursement clause, and notary public attestation block.
INDEMNITY BOND FOR SETTLEMENT OF DECEASED DEPOSITOR ACCOUNT (To be executed on Non-Judicial Stamp Paper of requisite value as per State Stamp Act and duly notarized) THIS INDEMNITY BOND is executed on this _____ day of _______________ 20___ at ___________________, BY: 1. [NAME OF CLAIMANT/LEGAL HEIR], aged about _____ years, [Relationship: Son/Daughter/Spouse/Parent] of Late [NAME OF DECEASED DEPOSITOR], residing at [RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS OF CLAIMANT] (hereinafter referred to as the "PRINCIPAL OBLIGOR / CLAIMANT", which expression shall unless repugnant to the context include his/her legal heirs, executors, and administrators). IN FAVOUR OF: [NAME OF THE BANK], a banking corporation constituted under the applicable banking statutes, having its Head Office at [HEAD OFFICE ADDRESS] and having a Branch Office amongst other places at [BRANCH NAME & ADDRESS] (hereinafter referred to as the "BANK", which expression shall unless repugnant to the context include its successors and assigns). AND IN THE PRESENCE OF THE FOLLOWING SURETIES: 1. [NAME OF SURETY NO. 1], aged about _____ years, residing at [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 1] (hereinafter referred to as "SURETY NO. 1"); 2. [NAME OF SURETY NO. 2], aged about _____ years, residing at [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 2] (hereinafter referred to as "SURETY NO. 2"); (The Sureties and the Principal Obligor are hereinafter collectively referred to as the "OBLIGORS", which expression shall include their respective heirs, legal representatives, executors, and administrators). WHEREAS: 1. Late [NAME OF DECEASED DEPOSITOR] (hereinafter referred to as the "DECEASED DEPOSITOR") maintained Savings / Current / Fixed Deposit Account No(s). [ACCOUNT NUMBER(S)] with the said [NAME OF BANK], [BRANCH NAME]. 2. The Deceased Depositor departed this life intestate on [DATE OF DEATH] at [PLACE OF DEATH] leaving behind a credit balance of Rs. [AMOUNT IN FIGURES] (Rupees [AMOUNT IN WORDS] Only) standing to the credit of the said account(s). 3. The Deceased Depositor died without registering any nomination in respect of the aforesaid account(s) / the registered nominee predeceased the depositor. 4. The Principal Obligor is the legal heir of the Deceased Depositor and has submitted an application to the Bank requesting the release and payment of the net credit balance standing in the aforesaid account(s) to the Principal Obligor without production of a formal Succession Certificate or Letters of Administration from a competent Court of Law. 5. All other surviving legal heirs of the Deceased Depositor have executed separate Affidavits-cum-No Objection Certificates relinquishing their rights in favor of the Principal Obligor to receive the aforesaid proceeds. 6. The Bank has agreed to entertain the request of the Principal Obligor and release the said sum of Rs. [AMOUNT IN FIGURES] upon the Obligors executing this Indemnity Bond with two solvent independent sureties guaranteeing to indemnify the Bank against all claims, actions, and damages. NOW THIS INDEMNITY BOND WITNESSETH AND THE OBLIGORS HEREBY COVENANT AS FOLLOWS: 1. INDEMNITY COVENANT (Section 124, Indian Contract Act, 1872): In consideration of the Bank paying the sum of Rs. [AMOUNT IN FIGURES] standing to the credit of Account No(s). [ACCOUNT NUMBER(S)] to the Principal Obligor without insisting upon a Succession Certificate or Probate from a Court of Law, the Principal Obligor and the Sureties hereby jointly and severally covenant and agree to save harmless and keep indemnified the Bank, its successors, officers, and assigns from and against all claims, demands, actions, suits, proceedings, losses, damages, costs, charges, and expenses whatsoever which the Bank may incur, suffer, or sustain by reason of making such payment to the Principal Obligor. 2. SURETY GUARANTEE & CO-EXTENSIVE LIABILITY (Sections 126 & 128, Indian Contract Act, 1872): The Sureties hereby unconditionally and irrevocably guarantee the prompt and complete performance of all obligations undertaken by the Principal Obligor. The liability of the Sureties under this Bond shall be joint and several and co-extensive with that of the Principal Obligor. The Bank shall be entitled to proceed against the Sureties or either of them without first exhausting its remedies against the Principal Obligor. 3. REIMBURSEMENT OF COSTS & DEFENSE (Section 125, Indian Contract Act, 1872): In the event of any third party or rival claimant instituting any legal proceedings against the Bank for recovery of the said deposit balance, the Obligors shall immediately, upon notice from the Bank, defend such suit at their own cost and expense, or reimburse to the Bank all sums, including legal counsel fees, court expenses, and any decree amount that the Bank may be compelled to pay. 4. REPRESENTATION OF LEGAL STATUS: The Principal Obligor hereby solemnly affirms that the facts stated in the claim application are true and correct, and that there are no other legal heirs, minors, or claimants entitled to a share in the estate of the Deceased Depositor other than those disclosed to the Bank. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Principal Obligor and the Sureties have executed this Indemnity Bond on the day, month, and year first written above. SIGNATURES: ________________________________________ (PRINCIPAL OBLIGOR / CLAIMANT) Name: [NAME OF CLAIMANT] Aadhaar No: [AADHAAR NUMBER] PAN No: [PAN NUMBER] SURETIES: 1. ______________________________________ Signature of Surety No. 1 Name: [NAME OF SURETY NO. 1] Address: [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 1] Occupation: [OCCUPATION / EMPLOYER] Net Worth / ITR Annual Income: Rs. [AMOUNT] 2. ______________________________________ Signature of Surety No. 2 Name: [NAME OF SURETY NO. 2] Address: [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 2] Occupation: [OCCUPATION / EMPLOYER] Net Worth / ITR Annual Income: Rs. [AMOUNT] WITNESSES: 1. Signature: ___________________________ Name & Address: ______________________ 2. Signature: ___________________________ Name & Address: ______________________ ATTESTATION BEFORE NOTARY PUBLIC: Sworn and signed before me on this _____ day of _______________ 20___ by the above-named Principal Obligor and Sureties, who are identified before me by Advocate / Documents. [NOTARY PUBLIC SEAL, REGISTRATION NUMBER & SIGNATURE]
5. Format 2: Bank Locker Claim Indemnity Bond Template
Claiming the contents of a deceased depositor's safe deposit locker requires special safeguards compared to savings accounts. Lockers contain physical valuables such as family heirloom jewelry, title deeds, and gold bullion. Without nomination, banks insist on opening the locker in the presence of a branch committee, independent panchas (witnesses), and an empanelled government valuer.
This template contains the mandatory Inventory Undertaking and indemnifies the bank if a missing key requires drilling or breaking open the lock.
INDEMNITY BOND FOR RELEASE OF SAFE DEPOSIT LOCKER CONTENTS OF DECEASED HIRER (To be executed on Non-Judicial Stamp Paper of requisite value as per State Stamp Act and duly notarized) THIS INDEMNITY BOND is executed on this _____ day of _______________ 20___ at ___________________, BY: [NAME OF CLAIMANT/LEGAL HEIR], aged about _____ years, [Relationship] of Late [NAME OF DECEASED LOCKER HIRER], residing at [RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS] (hereinafter called the "CLAIMANT / PRINCIPAL OBLIGOR"); AND 1. [NAME OF SURETY NO. 1], residing at [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 1]; 2. [NAME OF SURETY NO. 2], residing at [ADDRESS OF SURETY NO. 2]; (hereinafter collectively called the "SURETIES"); IN FAVOUR OF: [NAME OF BANK], having its Branch Office at [BRANCH NAME & ADDRESS] (hereinafter called the "BANK"). WHEREAS: 1. Late [NAME OF DECEASED HIRER] was the sole hirer of Safe Deposit Locker No. [LOCKER NUMBER] maintained at the [BRANCH NAME] Branch of the Bank. 2. The Locker Hirer died intestate on [DATE OF DEATH] leaving no registered nomination in respect of the said Locker. 3. The Claimant is the legal heir of the deceased and has requested the Bank to deliver the contents of the said Locker to the Claimant without insisting on a Succession Certificate or Probate. 4. The key of the locker is available / missing (requiring break-open as per RBI operating procedure in the presence of an independent committee and valuer). 5. The Bank has agreed to permit opening of the Locker and handover of contents subject to execution of this Indemnity Bond with two solvent sureties. NOW THIS BOND WITNESSETH AS FOLLOWS: 1. The Claimant and Sureties jointly and severally undertake to indemnify and hold harmless the Bank, its management, and officers against all claims, suits, demands, and costs arising out of opening the locker and delivering the articles to the Claimant. 2. An inventory of all articles found inside the locker shall be prepared in duplicate in the presence of two independent witnesses, the Bank Custodian, and a Government Approved Valuer (for gold/jewelry), signed by all present. 3. In case any other legal heir, creditor, or claimant establishes a legitimate title or claim over the contents, the Obligors shall reimburse the full assessed value together with legal expenses incurred by the Bank. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hands on the date first mentioned above. Principal Obligor: _______________________ Surety 1: _______________________________ Surety 2: _______________________________ Witness 1: ______________________________ Witness 2: ______________________________ [NOTARY ATTESTATION & SEAL]
6. Two-Surety Guarantee & Solvent Undertaking Clause
Why do Indian banks insist on two sureties rather than accepting an indemnity bond signed only by the claimant? The answer lies in Sections 126 and 128 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872.
Under Section 128, the liability of a surety is co-extensive with that of the principal debtor unless provided otherwise by contract. This means that if the claimant spends the money and cannot repay the bank when a rival heir files a claim, the bank does not have to search for the claimant's assets. The bank can directly debit the sureties' accounts or attach their salaries.
- CANNOT be an inheriting legal heir: A sibling, child, or spouse who is already an heir cannot sign as a surety. Sureties must be independent third parties.
- Must have verifiable solvency: Banks ask for salary slips (for government or corporate employees) or filed Income Tax Returns (ITR) showing annual income matching or exceeding the claim balance.
- Preferred account holder: Having an active, KYC-compliant account in the same bank branch significantly speeds up bank approval.
7. Format 3: Legal Heir NOC & Affidavit of Disclaimer
When a deceased parent leaves behind multiple adult children and a surviving spouse, all Class-I heirs share equal rights to the bank balance under Section 8 of the Hindu Succession Act, 1956. However, having four people jointly receive and operate a bank transfer is cumbersome.
Instead, family members can execute this Affidavit-cum-No Objection Certificate (NOC). By signing before a Notary Public, the other heirs formally relinquish their right to receive the payment directly and authorize the bank to disburse the entire sum to one primary claimant.
AFFIDAVIT-CUM-NO OBJECTION CERTIFICATE (NOC) BY LEGAL HEIRS (To be executed on Non-Judicial Stamp Paper of Rs. 100/- or as per State Stamp Act and sworn before Notary Public) I/We, 1. [NAME OF LEGAL HEIR 1], aged _____ years, [Relationship: Daughter/Son/Spouse], residing at [ADDRESS]; 2. [NAME OF LEGAL HEIR 2], aged _____ years, [Relationship: Daughter/Son/Spouse], residing at [ADDRESS]; do hereby solemnly affirm and state on oath as under: 1. That Late [NAME OF DECEASED DEPOSITOR] passed away intestate on [DATE OF DEATH] at [PLACE OF DEATH]. 2. That the Deceased was our [Father/Mother/Husband/Wife] and maintained Account No(s). [ACCOUNT NUMBERS] with [NAME OF BANK], [BRANCH NAME]. 3. That the following persons are the only surviving Class-I / legal heirs of the Deceased: (a) [Name of Heir 1] - [Relationship] - [Age] (b) [Name of Heir 2] - [Relationship] - [Age] (c) [Name of Claimant Heir] - [Relationship] - [Age] 4. That I/We do not desire to claim any share in the credit balance of Rs. [AMOUNT] lying in the aforesaid account(s) of the Deceased. 5. That I/We have NO OBJECTION whatsoever if the entire proceeds/credit balance standing in the said account(s) are released and paid solely to [NAME OF CLAIMANT HEIR] by the Bank. 6. That the payment made by the Bank to the said [NAME OF CLAIMANT HEIR] shall be a full, valid, and absolute discharge to the Bank against all our claims and demands. DEPONENT(S): 1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________ VERIFICATION: Verified at [PLACE] on this _____ day of _______________ 20___ that the contents of paragraphs 1 to 6 of this Affidavit are true and correct to our knowledge. No part is false and nothing material has been concealed. [DEPONENT SIGNATURES] [SWORN BEFORE NOTARY PUBLIC WITH SEAL]
8. State Stamp Duty Denominations for Indemnity Bonds
Under the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 and state amendments, an indemnity bond must be executed on non-judicial stamp paper of the appropriate denomination. Using insufficient stamp duty renders the bond inadmissible in evidence under Section 35 of the Stamp Act, causing banks to reject the claim.
| State / Territory | Statutory Article | Required Stamp Value | Mode of Purchase | Operational Guidance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maharashtra | Article 35, Maharashtra Stamp Act | ₹500 | e-Stamp Paper / Franking | Mandatory notarization with advocate identification. |
| Delhi (NCT) | Article 34, Indian Stamp Act (Delhi) | ₹100 | Stock Holding (SHCIL) e-Stamp | Standard indemnity bond denomination across all branches. |
| Karnataka | Article 29, Karnataka Stamp Act | ₹200 | e-Stamp Certificate | Must mention bank branch as second party. |
| Uttar Pradesh | Article 34, Schedule 1-B, UP Stamp Act | ₹100 | e-Stamp Paper | Affidavit-cum-Indemnity often combined on ₹100 stamp. |
| Tamil Nadu | Article 34, Indian Stamp Act (TN) | ₹100 | Non-Judicial / e-Stamp | Sureties must sign before Notary Public. |
| West Bengal | Article 34, Indian Stamp Act (WB) | ₹100 | GRIPS e-Challan / Stamp Paper | Requires two local resident sureties. |
| Telangana | Article 34, Indian Stamp Act (TS) | ₹100 | IGRS Telangana e-Stamp | Accepted across public and private sector banks. |
| Gujarat | Article 33, Gujarat Stamp Act | ₹300 | e-Stamping / Franking | Requires proof of solvency for both sureties. |
| Rajasthan | Article 34, Rajasthan Stamp Act | ₹500 | e-Gras Rajasthan e-Stamp | Recent amendment fixed standard indemnity at ₹500. |
| Haryana & Punjab | Article 34, Indian Stamp Act | ₹100 | e-Stamp Certificate | Tehsildar legal heir certificate typically attached. |
| Kerala | Article 34, Kerala Stamp Act | ₹200 | e-Stamp / Physical Stamp | Village Officer family membership certificate required. |
| Madhya Pradesh | Article 34, MP Stamp Act | ₹250 | e-Panjiyan MP e-Stamp | Branch manager cross-checks surety CIBIL score. |
9. Step-by-Step SOP: Settling Bank Deceased Balances
Collect the digitized Death Certificate issued by the Municipal Corporation or Registrar of Births and Deaths. Banks verify the QR code online before initiating deceased claim files.
Visit the home branch and obtain the standard Deceased Claim Application (Annexure-A). Ask the branch manager for the maximum threshold balance allowed under their board policy.
Purchase e-stamp paper of the required state value (₹100 to ₹500). Enter the first party as the Legal Heirs and the second party as the Bank. Print the Indemnity Bond draft on the paper.
The claimant heir, other legal heirs (signing the NOC), and two solvent sureties must appear before a Notary Public. Affix photographs, self-attested Aadhaar and PAN cards, and notary seals.
Submit the complete dossier to the branch manager and obtain a stamped acknowledgement receipt. Under RBI directives, the bank must disburse the account balance within 15 calendar days.
10. Bank-Wise Threshold Limits for Deceased Claims
Under RBI rules, each commercial bank fixes its own threshold limit for settling claims without a Succession Certificate. Balances below these limits are settled solely on an Indemnity Bond.
| Bank / Institution | Indemnity Threshold Limit | Required Annexures & Protocol |
|---|---|---|
| State Bank of India (SBI) | ₹5,00,000 | Annexure-A claim, Indemnity Bond with 2 sureties, legal heir affidavit, death certificate. |
| Punjab National Bank (PNB) | ₹2,50,000 to ₹5,00,000 | Form PNB-37, Indemnity Bond on state stamp paper, 2 solvent sureties, NOC of co-heirs. |
| HDFC Bank | ₹5,00,000 | Deceased claim kit, Indemnity Agreement stamped and notarized, 2 independent account-holder sureties. |
| ICICI Bank | ₹5,00,000 | Form DA-1 claim application, Indemnity format on stamp paper, surety ITR records or salary slips. |
| Canara Bank | ₹2,00,000 to ₹5,00,000 | NF-742 format, Indemnity Bond with 2 sureties, family tree certificate issued by Revenue Authority. |
| Bank of Baroda (BoB) | ₹2,50,000 to ₹5,00,000 | Form 140, Two-surety stamped Indemnity, notarized disclaimer affidavits from other heirs. |
| Post Office Savings Bank (DoP) | ₹5,00,000 | Form SB-84, Indemnity Bond on non-judicial stamp paper, 2 sureties holding postal accounts. |
11. Common Reasons Banks Reject Deceased Claim Bonds
If the name on the passbook is “Satish K. Sharma” but the municipal death certificate reads “Satish Kumar Sharma”, the bank will reject the claim unless an alias affidavit is enclosed.
Claimants often have their brother or sister sign as a surety. Banks immediately reject this because a co-heir cannot indemnify their own inheritance under Section 126.
Printing a bond on a ₹100 stamp in Maharashtra or Rajasthan (where the law mandates ₹500) renders the document legally inadmissible under state stamp acts.
When purchasing e-stamp certificates, buyers often leave the second party blank. Bank legal cells require the second party to explicitly name the bank and branch.
12. Real Settlement Case Studies: SBI, HDFC & PNB
A father passed away intestate in Delhi leaving ₹4.20 Lakhs in an SBI savings account with no nominee. The bank initially asked the son for a succession certificate. The family cited the RBI Master Circular and submitted our Two-Surety Indemnity Bond on ₹100 e-stamp paper with NOC affidavits from the mother and sister. SBI approved and disbursed the funds within 12 days.
A mother held a locker in Mumbai without nomination. The key was safely in the house. The legal heirs executed Format 2 on ₹500 Maharashtra stamp paper with two colleague sureties. An HDFC custodian and empanelled valuer opened the locker, cataloged 18 items of jewelry, and released the gold to the daughter without any court orders.
When a depositor left ₹18 Lakhs across multiple fixed deposits in PNB Lucknow, the balance exceeded the bank's ₹5 Lakh board threshold. While the indemnity bond could not be accepted due to the high amount, AMA Legal Solutions filed an expedited Section 372 Succession Certificate petition before the District Judge, securing release within 6 months.
Track Post-Death Timelines or Trace Unclaimed Family Deposits
Settling bank accounts is only the first step. Use our free interactive tools to track mandatory 30-day legal compliances, search the RBI UDGAM portal for unclaimed deposits, or calculate capital gains tax on inherited property.
13. Legal Review & Advocate Backing by AMA Solutions
Every template and statutory provision on this page has been reviewed by senior succession advocates at AMA Legal Solutions. We represent families across India in contested bank account disputes, court Succession Certificate petitions, and high-value locker releases.
14. Frequently Asked Questions: Bank Deceased Claims
Answers to common practical questions regarding bank deceased depositor claims, indemnity bonds, surety liabilities, and RBI circular timelines.
15. Statutory Citations & Official Banking Circulars
This guide and its accompanying legal formats are grounded in the following official statutes and regulatory directions:
- Indian Contract Act, 1872: Section 124 (Definition of Contract of Indemnity), Section 125 (Rights of Indemnity-holder), Section 126 (Contract of Guarantee, Surety, Principal Debtor), and Section 128 (Co-extensive nature of surety liability).
- Banking Regulation Act, 1949: Section 45ZA to 45ZF (Nomination facilities in deposit accounts, safe custody, and safety lockers).
- Reserve Bank of India Master Circular: DBOD.No.Leg.BC.21/09.07.006/2014-15 dated July 1, 2014 on “Settlement of Claims in respect of Deceased Depositors — Simplified Procedure”.
- Indian Stamp Act, 1899 & State Stamp Acts: Article 34 / 35 (Stamp duty levy on Indemnity Bonds and Surety Agreements across Indian States).
- Supreme Court of India Ruling: Ram Chander Talwar v. Devinder Kumar Talwar (2010) 10 SCC 671 and Shakti Yezdani v. Jayanand Jayant Salgaonkar (2023) SCC OnLine SC 1679 (Nominee holds funds only as a trustee for the legal heirs).